Arsenate minerals

Arsenate minerals usually refer to the naturally occurring orthoarsenates, possessing the (AsO₄)^3- anion group and, more rarely, other arsenates with anions like AsO₃(OH)^2- (also written HAsO₄^2-) (example: pharmacolite Ca(AsO₃OH)^.2H₂O) or (very rarely) [AsO₂(OH)₂]^- (example: andyrobertsite). Arsenite minerals are much less common.^[1] Both the Dana^[2] and the Strunz^[3] mineral classifications place the arsenates in with the phosphate minerals.

Example arsenate minerals include:

• Annabergite Ni₃(AsO₄)₂·8H₂O
• Austinite CaZn(AsO₄)(OH)
• Clinoclase Cu₃(AsO₄)(OH)₃
• Conichalcite CaCu(AsO₄)(OH)
• Cornubite Cu₅(AsO₄)₂(OH)₄
• Cornwallite Cu²⁺₅(AsO₄)₂(OH)₂
• Erythrite Co₃(AsO₄)₂·8H₂O
• Mimetite Pb₆(AsO₄)₃Cl
• Olivenite Cu₂(AsO₄)OH

Nickel–Strunz Classification -08- Phosphates

IMA-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme (Mills et al., 2009). This list uses it to modify the Classification of Nickel–Strunz (10 ed, pending publication).

• Abbreviations:
  • "*" - discredited (IMA/CNMNC status).
  • "?" - questionable/doubtful (IMA/CNMNC status).
  • "REE" - Rare-earth element (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)
  • "PGE" - Platinum-group element (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt)
  • 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V^[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:
    • Neso: insular (from Greek νησος nēsos, island)
    • Soro: grouping (from Greek σωροῦ sōros, heap, mound (especially of corn))
    • Cyclo: ring
    • Ino: chain (from Greek ις [genitive: ινος inos], fibre)
    • Phyllo: sheet (from Greek φύλλον phyllon, leaf)
    • Tekto: three-dimensional framework
• Nickel–Strunz code scheme: NN.XY.##x
  • NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number
  • X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter
  • Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
  • ##x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter

Class: arsenates

• 08.A Arsenates without additional anions, without H₂O
  • 08.AA With small cations (some also with larger ones): 05 Alarsite
  • 08.AB With medium-sized cations: 25 Xanthiosite, 30 Lammerite, 35 Stranskiite
  • 08.AC With medium-sized and large cations: 10 Arseniopleite, 10 Caryinite, 10 Yazganite, 10 Johillerite, 10 Odanielite, 10 Nickenichite, 10 Bradaczekite; 25 Berzeliite, 25 Manganberzeliite, 85 Filatovite
  • 08.AD With only large cations: 10 Svenekite, 10 Weilite; 30 Schultenite, 35 Chernovite-(Y); 50 Gasparite-(Ce), 50 Rooseveltite; 55 Tetrarooseveltite, 60 Chursinite
• 08.B Arsenates with Additional Anions, without H₂O
  • 08.BA With small and medium-sized cations: 10 Bergslagite
  • 08.BB With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ £ 1:1: 15 Sarkinite; 30 Zincolivenite, 30 Eveite, 30 Olivenite, 30 Adamite; 35 Paradamite, 40 Wilhelmkleinite, 60 Urusovite, 65 Theoparacelsite
  • 08.BC With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ > 1:1 and < 2:1: 05 Angelellite, 15 Aerugite
  • 08.BD With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 2:1: 05 Cornwallite, 10 Arsenoclasite, 15 Parwelite, 30 Cornubite
  • 08.BE With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ > 2:1: 20 Clinoclase, 25 Gilmarite, 25 Arhbarite, 30 Allactite, 30 Flinkite, 35 Chlorophoenicite, 35 Magnesiochlorophoenicite, 40 Gerdtremmelite, 45 Arakiite, 45 Kraisslite, 45 Dixenite, 45 Hematolite, 45 Mcgovernite, 50 Synadelphite, 55 Holdenite, 60 Kolicite, 65 Sabelliite, 70 Jarosewichite, 75 Theisite
  • 08.BF With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ < 0.5:1: (none)
  • 08.BG With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 0.5:1: 05 Arsenbrackebuschite, 05 Arsentsumebite, 05 Feinglosite
  • 08.BH With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO₄ = 1:1: 10 Durangite, 10 Maxwellite, 10 Tilasite; 30 Carminite, 30 Sewardite; 35 Austinite, 35 Adelite, 35 Duftite-alpha, 35 Duftite-beta?, 35 Conichalcite, 35 Gabrielsonite, 35 Nickelaustinite, 35 Cobaltaustinite, 35 Arsendescloizite; 45 Bayldonite, 50 Paganoite
  • 08.BK With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.): 10 Medenbachite, 10 Cobaltneustadtelite, 10 Neustadtelite, 25 Jamesite
  • 08.BL With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 3:1: 05 Beudantite, 05 Hidalgoite, 05 Gallobeudantite, 05 Kemmlitzite, 05 Weilerite, 10 Arsenowaylandite*, 10 Segnitite, 10 Arsenogorceixite, 10 Arsenocrandallite, 10 Arsenogoyazite, 10 Dussertite, 10 Philipsbornite, 13 Arsenoflorencite-(Ce), 13 Arsenoflorencite-(La)*, 13 Arsenoflorencite-(Nd)*, 13 Graulichite-(Ce)
  • 08.BM With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 4:1: 05 Retzian-(Ce), 05 Retzian-(La), 05 Retzian-(Nd)
  • 08.BN With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 0.33:1: 05 Fermorite, 05 Johnbaumite, 05 Clinomimetite, 05 Hedyphane, 05 Mimetite, 05 Morelandite, 05 Svabite, 05 Turneaureite
  • 08.BO With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ 1:1: 10 Preisingerite, 15 Atelestite, 20 Sahlinite, 35 Kuznetsovite, 45 Schlegelite
• 08.C Arsenates without Additional Anions, with H₂O
  • 08.CA With small and large/medium cations: 35 Warikahnite, 50 Keyite, 55 Pushcharovskite, 60 Prosperite
  • 08.CB With only medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O = 1:1: 10 IMA2008-066, 10 IMA2008-047, 10 Sainfeldite, 10 Villyaellenite; 15 Krautite, 15 Fluckite; 20 Cobaltkoritnigite, 20 Koritnigite; 25 Yvonite, 30 Geminite, 40 Radovanite, 55 Irhtemite, 60 Burgessite
  • 08.CC With only medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O = 1:1.5: 10 Kaatialaite, 15 Leogangite
  • 08.CD With only medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O = 1:2: 10 Mansfieldite, 10 Scorodite, 10 Yanomamite; 15 Parascorodite, 25 Sterlinghillite, 30 Rollandite
  • 08.CE With only medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O £ 1:2.5: 05 Geigerite, 05 Chudobaite, 15 Brassite, 20 Rosslerite, 30 Veselovskyite, 30 IMA2008-010, 30 Lindackerite, 40 Ferrisymplesite, 40 Manganohornesite, 40 Annabergite, 40 Erythrite, 40 Hornesite, 40 Kottigite, 40 Parasymplesite, 45 Symplesite, 60 Kankite, 85 Metakottigite
  • 08.CF With large and medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O > 1:1: 05 Grischunite
  • 08.CG With large and medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O = 1:1: 05 Gaitite, 05 Parabrandtite, 05 Talmessite, 10 Roselite, 10 Roselite-beta, 10 Brandtite, 10 Zincroselite, 10 Wendwilsonite, 15 Ferrilotharmeyerite, 15 Cabalzarite, 15 Lotharmeyerite, 15 Cobaltlotharmeyerite, 15 Mawbyite, 15 Cobalttsumcorite, 15 Nickellotharmeyerite, 15 Schneebergite, 15 Nickelschneebergite, 15 Tsumcorite, 15 Thometzekite, 15 Manganlotharmeyerite; 20 Zincgartrellite, 20 Lukrahnite, 20 Gartrellite, 20 Helmutwinklerite, 20 Rappoldite; 35 Nickeltalmessite
  • 08.CH With large and medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O < 1:1: 05 Walentaite, 15 Picropharmacolite; 55 Smolianinovite, 55 Fahleite; 60 Barahonaite-(Fe), 60 Barahonaite-(Al)
  • 08.CJ With only large cations: 20 Haidingerite, 25 Vladimirite, 30 Ferrarisite, 35 Machatschkiite; 40 Phaunouxite, 40 Rauenthalite; 50 Pharmacolite, 55 Mcnearite, 75 Guerinite
• 08.D Arsenates
  • 08.DA With small (and occasionally larger) cations: 05 Bearsite, 35 Philipsburgite
  • 08.DB With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ < 1:1: 05 Pitticite, 35 Sarmientite, 40 Bukovskyite, 45 Zykaite, 75 Braithwaiteite
  • 08.DC With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 1:1 and < 2:1: 07 Euchroite, 10 Legrandite, 12 Strashimirite; 15 Bendadaite, 15 Cobaltarthurite, 15 Arthurite, 15 Ojuelaite; 30 Maghrebite, 55 Mapimite, 57 Ogdensburgite
  • 08.DD With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 2:1: 05 Chenevixite, 05 Luetheite; 10 Akrochordite, 10 Guanacoite
  • 08.DE With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 3:1: 15 Bulachite, 25 Ceruleite, 40 Juanitaite
  • 08.DF With only medium-sized cations, (OH,etc.):RO₄ > 3:1: 10 Liskeardite, 20 Liroconite, 30 Chalcophyllite, 35 Parnauite
  • 08.DG With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ < 0.5:1: 05 Shubnikovite, 05 Lavendulan, 05 Zinclavendulan?, 05 Lemanskiite, 05 Zdenekite
  • 08.DH With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ < 1:1: 30 Arseniosiderite, 30 Kolfanite, 30 Sailaufite; 45 Mahnertite; 50 Andyrobertsite, 50 Calcioandyrobertsite-1M, 50 Calcioandyrobertsite-2O; 60 Bouazzerite
  • 08.DJ With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 1:l: 15 Camgasite, 45 Attikaite
  • 08.DK With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ > 1:1 and < 2:1: 10 Alumopharmacosiderite, 10 Barium-alumopharmacosiderite?, 10 Bariopharmacosiderite, 10 Pharmacosiderite, 10 Natropharmacosiderite, 10 Barium-zinc-alumopharmacosiderite*; 25 Richelsdorfite
  • 08.DL With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 2:1: 15 Agardite-(Dy), 15 Agardite-(Ca), 15 Agardite-(Ce), 15 Agardite-(La), 15 Agardite-(Nd), 15 Agardite-(Y), 15 Goudeyite, 15 Zalesiite, 15 Mixite, 15 Plumboagardite, 20 Joelbruggerite, 20 Wallkilldellite-(Fe), 20 Wallkilldellite
  • 08.DM With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ > 2:1: 05 Esperanzaite, 10 Clinotyrolite, 10 Tyrolite, 15 Natrobetpakdalite, 15 Betpakdalite, 25 Yukonite
• 08.E Uranyl Arsenates
  • 08.EA UO₂:RO₄ = 1:2: 05 Orthowalpurgite, 05 Walpurgite; 10 Hallimondite
  • 08.EB UO₂:RO₄ = 1:1: 05 Metarauchite, 05 Heinrichite, 05 Kahlerite, 05 Novacekite, 05 Uranospinite, 05 Zeunerite; 10 Metazeunerite, 10 Metauranospinite, 10 Metaheinrichite, 10 Metakahlerite, 10 Metakirchheimerite, 10 Metalodevite, 10 Metanovacekite; 15 Uramarsite, 15 Trogerite, 15 Abernathyite, 15 Natrouranospinite; 20 Chistyakovaite, 25 Arsenuranospathite
  • 08.EC UO₂:RO₄ = 3:2: 10 Arsenuranylite, 15 Hugelite, 20 Arsenovanmeersscheite, 45 Nielsbohrite
  • 08.ED Unclassified: 10 Asselbornite
• 08.F Polyarsenates
  • 08.FA Polyarsenates, without OH and H₂O; dimers of corner-sharing RO₄ tetrahedra: 25 Petewilliamsite
• 08.X Unclassified Strunz Arsenates
  • 08.XX Unknown: 00 Kamarizaite, 00 Chernovite-(Ce)*, 00 Arsenobismite?, 00 Slavkovite, 00 Lapeyreite, 00 IMA2000-020, 00 IMA2008-063, 00 IMA2009-002, IMA2009-016

Class: vanadates

• 04.H V^[5,6] Vanadates
  • 04.HB Uranyl Sorovanadates: 05 Carnotite, 05 Margaritasite; 10 Sengierite; 15 Fritzscheite, 15 Curienite, 15 Francevillite; 20 Metavanuralite, 20 Vanuralite; 25 Metatyuyamunite, 25 Tyuyamunite; 30 Strelkinite, 35 Uvanite, 40 Rauvite
  • 04.HC [6]-Sorovanadates: 05 Magnesiopascoite, 05 Lasalite, 05 Pascoite; 10 Hummerite, 15 Sherwoodite
  • 04.HD Inovanadates: 05 Rossite, 10 Metarossite, 15 Munirite, 20 Metamunirite, 25 Dickthomssenite, 30 Ansermetite
  • 04.HE Phyllovanadates: 05 Melanovanadite, 10 Shcherbinaite; 15 Hewettite, 15 Metahewettite; 20 Bokite, 20 Bariandite, 20 Corvusite, 20 Fernandinite, 20 Straczekite; 25 Haggite, 30 Doloresite, 35 Duttonite, 40 Cavoite
  • 04.HF Tektovanadates: 05 Bannermanite
  • 04.HG Unclassified V oxides: 05 Fervanite, 10 Huemulite, 15 Vanalite, 20 Simplotite, 25 Vanoxite, 30 Navajoite, 35 Delrioite, 40 Metadelrioite, 45 Barnesite, 50 Hendersonite, 55 Grantsite, 60 Lenoblite, 65 Satpaevite
• 08.A Vanadates without additional anions, without H₂O
  • 08.AB With medium-sized cations: 35 Mcbirneyite, 40 Lyonsite
  • 08.AC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Howardevansite; 25 Palenzonaite, 25 Schaferite; 75 Ronneburgite, 80 Tillmannsite
  • 08.AD With only large cations: 35 Wakefieldite-(La), 35 Wakefieldite-(Nd), 35 Wakefieldite-(Ce), 35 Wakefieldite-(Y), 35 Dreyerite; 40 Pucherite, 65 Clinobisvanite
• 08.B Vanadates with Additional Anions, without H₂O
  • 08.BB With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ £ 1:1: 50 Namibite, 70 Turanite, 75 Stoiberite, 80 Fingerite, 85 Averievite
  • 08.BD With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 2:1: 20 Reppiaite
  • 08.BE With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ > 2:1: 45 Turtmannite, 80 Coparsite
  • 08.BF With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ < 0.5:1: 20 Nabiasite
  • 08.BG With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 0.5:1: 05 Brackebuschite, 05 Gamagarite, 05 Tokyoite, 05 Bushmakinite, 05 Calderonite
  • 08.BH With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO₄ = 1:1: 35 Tangeite, 35 Gottlobite, 40 Descloizite, 40 Cechite, 40 Pyrobelonite, 40 Mottramite, 40 Duhamelite?, 45 Vesignieite, 65 Leningradite
  • 08.BK With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.): 20 Heyite
  • 08.BL With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 3:1: 20 Dugganite, 20 Cheremnykhite
  • 08.BN With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 0.33:1: 05 Vanadinite
  • 08.BO With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ 1:1: 10 Schumacherite, 15 Hechtsbergite, 20 Kombatite
• 08.C Vanadates without Additional Anions, with H₂O
  • 08.CB With only medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O = 1:1: 35 Schubnelite, 45 Kazakhstanite, 50 Kolovratite
  • 08.CE With only medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O £ 1:2.5: 65 Steigerite; 70 Metaschoderite, 70 Schoderite
  • 08.CG With large and medium-sized cations, RO₄:H₂O = 1:1: 15 Mounanaite, 15 Krettnichite, 25 Pottsite
  • 08.CJ With only large cations: 65 Sincosite, 65 Bariosincosite
• 08.D Vanadates
  • 08.DC With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ = 1:1 and < 2:1: 32 Tinticite; 60 Cloncurryite
  • 08.DF With only medium-sized cations, (OH,etc.):RO₄ > 3:1: 15 Rusakovite
  • 08.DM With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄ > 2:1: 20 Phosphovanadylite, 40 Santafeite
• 08.F [4]-Polyvanadates
  • 08.FA [4]-Polyvanadates, without OH and H₂O; dimers of corner-sharing RO₄ tetrahedra: 05 Blossite, 10 Ziesite, 15 Chervetite
  • 08.FC [4]-Polyvanadates, with H₂O only: 05 Fianelite, 15 Pintadoite
  • 08.FD [4]-Polyvanadates, with OH and H₂O: 05 Martyite, 05 Volborthite
  • 08.FE Ino-[4]-vanadates: 05 Ankinovichite, 05 Alvanite
• 08.X Unclassified Strunz Vanadates
  • 08.XX Unknown: 00 Vanuranylite?

References